In general, for an object to draw anything and register collisions with instances of other objects it needs to have a sprite assigned to it, which is added using the button. This is the Object Editor window and shows the current object properties, and the first thing you should do is name the object, again using a prefix like " obj_" or some other identifier. To create a new object asset, it's the same as for every other asset and you simply right click on the Objects asset folder and select Create (or right click anywhere in the Asset Browser and select Create Object). So, the object is the template for the instance, and the instance is what we place in a room to make our game. So when we talk about something affecting or changing an instance, we mean that one particular copy of an object in a room is being affected while all the rest are not, but when we talk about affecting or changing an object we mean that anything we do to it will be reflected in all the instances created from that point on too. An instance is essentially a "copy" of an object that is found in the Asset Browser and then placed in a room (think of objects as templates for instances).
that you see in the game are actually all considered as being instances. In a game made with GameMaker, the characters, monsters, balls, walls, etc. Now, we can't talk about Objects without talking about Instances. Objects can be given behaviours and they can react to certain events as well as to each other, and most of the things you see in a game are based on objects and their interactions with the user and each other. Most of the time they have a sprite associated with them so that you can see them in the game rooms, but sometimes they are used as a "behind the scenes" controller objects to do things like track stats, or set timings for cut-scenes, etc.
Objects are a special asset that we use to control aspects of a game and to do specific things. With the assets you have seen so far you can add some nice images and sounds to the game asset browser, but they don't do anything in the game itself yet! For that we need the most important assets of all in GameMaker, the Object asset.
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